Correction and Retraction Policy

The Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Medical and Veterinary Sciences (JAIMVS) is committed to maintaining the accuracy, integrity, transparency, and reliability of the scientific record. When errors or concerns are identified after submission, acceptance, or publication, the journal will investigate them fairly and take appropriate corrective action in accordance with recognized publication-ethics standards, including COPE guidelines.

Post-Publication Concerns

JAIMVS welcomes concerns regarding published articles from authors, readers, reviewers, editors, and other members of the scientific community. The journal may:

• Conduct an appropriate investigation into the concern.
• Request explanations, supporting documentation, or original data from the authors.
• Consult independent experts, reviewers, institutions, or other relevant parties when necessary.
• Give authors an opportunity to respond to the concerns.
• Take appropriate action based on the nature and severity of the findings.

If concerns arise before publication, the manuscript may be rejected or returned to the authors for clarification or correction.

Possible Outcomes for Published Articles

Depending on the nature and severity of an identified problem, JAIMVS may issue one of the following:

Correction

A correction may be published when an error does not invalidate the main findings or conclusions of the article but requires amendment to maintain an accurate scientific record. This may include significant errors in text, figures, tables, author information, or other publication details.

Corrigendum

A corrigendum may be issued when a significant error is identified by the authors that requires correction but does not invalidate the main scientific findings of the article.

Addendum

An addendum may be published when important additional information is required to clarify or complement a published article. Addenda are normally considered only when the additional information is essential to the understanding of the published work.

Editor's Note or Expression of Concern

An Editor's Note or Expression of Concern may be published when serious questions arise regarding a published article but the investigation is incomplete or the available evidence is insufficient to justify retraction. A further notice may be issued when the investigation is concluded.

Retraction

An article may be retracted when serious problems substantially affect the reliability, integrity, or ethical acceptability of the published work.

Grounds for Retraction

In accordance with COPE principles, JAIMVS may retract an article when, for example:

• The findings are unreliable because of major errors, fabricated or falsified data, serious methodological problems, or other significant inaccuracies.
• Data, images, figures, or other research materials have been manipulated or fabricated.
• Significant plagiarism or inappropriate duplication is identified.
• The article has been published elsewhere without appropriate justification, attribution, or permission.
• Research data or materials were used without appropriate authorization.
• The research was conducted in violation of applicable ethical requirements.
• Serious violations of research ethics, privacy, consent, copyright, or other legal requirements are identified.
• The peer-review or publication process was deliberately manipulated or compromised.
• A major undisclosed conflict of interest is identified that substantially affected the interpretation or reliability of the work.
• Artificial intelligence or other computational tools were used in a manner that resulted in fabricated, misleading, or unverifiable research content or materially compromised the integrity of the work.
• Other serious circumstances are identified that undermine the reliability or integrity of the published article.

Retraction Process

When retraction is considered, JAIMVS will investigate the matter carefully and provide the authors with an opportunity to respond where appropriate. The journal may also contact the authors' institution or other relevant organizations when necessary.

If retraction is confirmed:

• A clearly identified Retraction Notice will be published and linked to the original article.
• The reasons for retraction will be stated clearly and transparently.
• The original article will normally remain accessible for the purposes of maintaining the scholarly record but will be clearly marked as "Retracted."
• The article's PDF and online version may be watermarked or otherwise clearly identified as retracted.
• The article's bibliographic metadata will remain available whenever possible.
• Content may be removed only when required for legal, ethical, or other exceptional reasons.

Retraction will not normally be used solely to resolve authorship disputes, correct minor errors, or address issues that do not affect the reliability of the main findings.

Corrections and Retractions Are Free of Charge

Authors are not required to pay any fees for the publication of corrections, corrigenda, addenda, Expressions of Concern, or retraction notices.